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Treatment

Vitamins and Nutrition

In 2001 the National Eye Institute released the results of a long-term, well-designed study of the effects of taking nutritional supplements on the course of aging macular degeneration (AMD). This trustworthy study, called the AREDS (Age-Related Eye Disease Study) has shown that people with intermediate or advanced AMD can reduce the likelihood of vision loss by taking anti-oxidants and zinc.

Here are the recommended doses:

• Vitamin C 500 miligrams (mg)
• Vitamin E 400 international units (iu)
• Zinc Oxide 80 miligrams (mg)
• Vitamin A 25,000 international units (iu) or Beta-carotene 15 mmiligrams (mg)

Even people who have a well-balanced diet can benefit from supplements. They are to be taken in addition to a multivitamin.

Zinc can be associated with a slightly higher risk of urinary tract problems, such as infection and kidney stones. Zinc can also cause anemia, so it is important to add a little copper when taking zinc. Yellowing of the skin is possible when taking beta-carotene or eating lots of carrots. Therefore, it is best to check with your primary care physician before starting these supplements.

A separate study has shown an association between beta-carotene and lung cancer in people who smoke, so smokers should avoid this supplement.

Further study is under way (AREDS II) to determine is lutein, zeazanthine, and omega 3 fatty acids are also beneficial for those with AMD.